Post by The First Doctor on Apr 30, 2011 23:16:58 GMT -5
I originally put this together for the Dr Who: Adventures In Time & Space message boards. (Quick plug: It's been a while, but I put together quite a bit of material on there under the screen name "Asariel". Go check it out.) It's kinda sorta canon, in the sense that I pulled dates from the shows, so feel free to use it as a date reference.
All dates are drawn from Wikipedia, and everything dated after 13.7 billion ABB is scientific speculation about the future from that inestimable resource. "ABB" stands for "After the Big Bang", "bya" and "mya" stand for "billion years ago" and "million years ago", and "yfn" stands for "years from now".
The Tourist's Guide to Time.
The universe is about 13.7 billion years old.
0 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): A fuel core ejected from the time ship Terminus triggers the Big Bang.
0 to 10-43 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Planck epoch. Only a single fundamental force exists.
10-43 to 10-36 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Grand unification epoch. Gravitation seperates from from the fundamental force. Boson are the only particles that can exist.
10-36 to 10-32 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): The inflationary epoch begins with the breaking of the grand unification symmetry. Beginning of the matter/antimatter asymmetry. The first photons are emitted. The volume of the universe increase by a factor of at least 1078. This is most likely the epoch that saw the "birth" of the Black and White Guardians.
10-32 to 10-12 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Electroweak epoch. The strong nuclear force seperates from the grand unification force. Quarks, electrons, and neutrinos form. This epoch is most likely the one that sees the birth of the Chronovores and, possibly, the Weeping Angels.
10-12 to 10-6 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Quark epoch. The weak nuclear force seperates from the electroweak force. All fundamental particles acquire mass.
10-6 to 1 second ABB (13.7 bya): Hadron epoch. Hadrons and anti-hadrons form and begin annihilating each other. Neutrinos decouple and begin moving freely through space.
1 to 10 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Lepton epoch. Leptons and anti-leptons dominate the mass of the universe.
10 seconds to 380,000 years ABB (13.7 - 13.69962 bya): Photon epoch. Atomic nuclei begin to form between 3 and 20 minutes ABB. Beginning around 70,000 years ABB, the densities of non-relativistic matter (atomic nuclei) and relativistic radiation (photons) are equal. From this time forward, larger structures are able to form. By 377,000 ABB, hydrogen and helium atoms begin to form.
1 million ABB (13.699 bya): The Stelliferous Era begins, as conditions develop that will allow the formation of stars. The first quasars, stars, and galaxies form 150 million to 1 billion ABB.
5.0 billion - 9.11 billion ABB (8.7 - 4.59 bya): Beginning of the Dark Times. Evolution of the Ancient Races, including the Racnoss, the Great Vampires, and the Carrionites. Rise of the Fledgling Empires.
9.1 billion ABB (4.6 bya): The Sol system begins to form. The outer planets from between 9.1001 billion and 9.11 billion ABB (between 4.5999 and 4.59 bya), while the inner planets form between 9.11 and 9.2 billion ABB (4.59 and 4.5 bya).
9.11 billion ABB (4.59 bya): End of the Dark Times, with the destruction of the Racnoss by the Fledgling Empires. The Earth begins to form, coalescing around the Webstar of the Racnoss Empress. (The planet will have finished forming by around 9.16 billion ABB/4.54 bya, the beginning of the Hadean eon.)
9.17 billion ABB (4.53 bya): The proto-Earth is impacted by the protoplanet Theia, ejecting mantle and crust into space and creating the Moon.
9.3 billion ABB (4.4 bya): The explosion of a Jagaroth spaceship on Earth helps to initiate the process of abiogenesis.
9.3 billion - 9.5 billion ABB (4.4 - 4.2 bya): The oceans begin forming.
9.7 billion ABB (4 bya): The first continental crusts appear on Earth. Jupiter and Saturn enter resonance, triggering the Late Heavy Bombardment (which will last until 9.9 billion ABB.)
9.9 billion ABB (3.8 bya): Beginning of the Archaean eon begins.
10.2 billion ABB (3.5 bya): The earliest fossil finds date to around this time.
10.7 billion ABB (3 bya): Oxygenic photosynthesis is most likely developed by now, leading to the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere
11.2 billion - 13.13 billion ABB (2.5 bya - 570 mya): The Proterozoic eon. This eon sees at least four glaciations, including at least one that may have entirely frozen the planet.
13.13 billion to (at least) 13.7 billion ABB (570 mya - present): The Phanerozoic Eon. It is currently broken into three eras - the Paleozoic (13.13 billion ABB to 13.449 billion ABB/570 - 251 mya), the Mesozoic (13.449 billion ABB to 13.635 billion ABB/251 - 65 mya), and the Cenozoic Era (13.635 billion ABB to the present/65 mya - present).
13.47 billion ABB (230 mya): The first dinosaurs evolve near the beginning of the Mesozoic.
13.5 billion ABB (200 mya): The first true mammals evolve.
13.635 billion ABB (65 mya): A time-displaced freighter impacts Earth in what will be the Yucatan peninsula, setting in motion the events that will lead to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
13.6977 billion ABB (2.3 mya): Genus Homo evolves.
13.6998 billion ABB (200,000 ya): Homo sapiens evolves in Africa.
13.69985 billion ABB (150,000 ya): Execution of the Kastrian criminal Eldrad, and extinction of the Kastrian species.
13.6999 billion ABB (100,000 ya): Homo sapiens masters the creation of fire. Legends indicate that the mythical "Doctor" is responsible.
13.69995 billion ABB (50,000 ya): Beginning of the war between the Sontaran Empire and the Rutan Host.
13.6999983 billion ABB (1700 ya): The first Daleks are engineered on Skaro. Thal legends claim that a being known as Ka Faraq Gatri attempted without success to prevent their creation
13.6999985 billion ABB (1500 ya): The Daleks have nearly exterminated the Thals. Thal legends claim that they were saved through the intervention of Ka Faraq Gatri.
13.7000001 billion ABB (100 yfn/22nd century AD): Some time travellers report that the Earth has been subjugated by the Daleks at this time. It is typically assumed that these travellers have entered a branching parallel timeline.
13.7000005 billion ABB (500 yfn/26th century AD): Homo sapiens has spread out into the Orion Arm of the Milky Way. This is possibly the time of the First Great and Bountiful Human Empire. At least one war is fought against the Cybermen of Mondas during this time. Dalek false flag attacks also nearly drive the Human and Draconian Empire into a second war.
13.7000009 billion ABB (900 yfn/30th century AD): Increasing solar flare activity forces the majority of the human race to abandon Earth. Resource and population pressures cause the Earth Empire to abandon marginal worlds in order to redirect efforts to the evacuation.
13.7000019 billion ABB (1900 yfn/40th century AD): The Dalek Empire assembles a coalition of allies to assist with the invastion of the Orion Arm and the subjugation or extermination of the Earth Empire. Legends hold that the mythical "Doctor" was instrumental in delaying production of a Dalek causality weapon.
13.700002 billion ABB (2000 yfn/41st century AD): War between the Movellans and the Daleks nearly wipes the Daleks from the universe.
13.7000026 billion ABB (2600 yfn/47th century AD): Approximate beginning of the Dalek Civil War as the Daleks split into "Imperial" and "Renegade" factions. Skaro is destroyed in a supernova around this time.
13.700003 billion ABB (3000 yfn/51st century AD): By this time, solar flare activity has died down and humanity has reclaimed it's homeworld. This is possibly the time of the Second Great and Bountiful Human Empire. The Human Empire develops vortex manipulation technology.
13.7000037 billion ABB (3700 yfn/58th century AD): The Imperial Dalek faction attempts to create Human-Dalek hybrids. The attempt fails (some reports claim the intervention of some mythical entity, such as The Doctor or Ka Faraq Gatri) and the Imperial faction splits, turning the Dalek Civil War into a three-way conflict.
13.70005 billion to 13.70013 billion ABB (50,000 - 130,000 yfn): The next major ice age occurs.
13.70008 billion ABB (80,000 yfn): Possible end date of the war between the Sontaran Empire and the Rutan Host.
13.7002 billion ABB (200,000 yfn): Depending on currents in the Time Vortex, this is either the time of the Fourth Great and Bountiful Human Empire or the time of the subjugation of Earth by the Mighty Jagrafess of the Holy Hadrojassic Maxarodenfoe, and the Holy Dalek Empire. It is claimed that the mythical Doctor is instrumental in the liberation of humanity.
13.71 billion ABB (10,000,000 yfn): A dramatic increase in stellar output forces humanity to permanently abandon Earth. A series of "space arks" depart the planet, carrying samples Earth's complete biosphere.
13.75 billion ABB (50,000,000 yfn): The Mediterranean sea vanishes as Eurpoe and Africa collide.
13.8 billion ABB (100,000,000 yfn): The continents have reached maximum dispersal.
13.95 billion ABB (250,000,000 yfn): The continents collide to form a new supercontinent (called Amasia or Pangea Ultima, depending on which theory you look at). The day will be a little over 1.5 hours longer and the moon will be about 1.5 Earth radii away.
14.7 billion ABB (1,000,000,000 yfn): 27% of Earth's oceans have been subducted.
15.1 billion ABB (1,400,000,000 yfn): Stellar output increases to the point that liquid water can no longer exist naturally on the surface of the Earth.
15.2 billion - 18.2 billion ABB (1,500,000,000 - 4,500,000,000 yfn): The axal tilt shifts to nearly 90 degrees from the plane of the orbit.
16.1 billion ABB (2,400,000,000 yfn): The Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy collide. There is a 12% chance that the Solar System will be pulled into the Milky Way's tidal tail and a 3% chance it will become part of Andromeda.
17.2 billion ABB (3,500,000,000 yfn): Surface conditions on Earth are similar to that of the present Venus.
18.5 billion ABB (4,800,000,000 yfn): Settlement of New Earth in Messier 87, about 55 million light years from the Milky Way.
18.7 billion ABB (5,000,000,000 yfn): The Sun expands to a radius of 1.2 AU, swallowing Venus and the Earth. The event is witnessed by a number of functionaries, and it is also claimed that the mythic figure known as The Doctor was present. (Actual projections seem to indicate that the Sun begins it's expansion int a red giant around 19.1 billion ABB, and swallows the Earth around 21.2 billion ABB. Obviously, in the Doctor's universe, 20th century scientists were wrong.)
20.7 billion ABB (7,000,000,000 yfn): The Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies merge into a single elliptical galaxy. Assuming that it was not ejected from the galaxy altogether, the Solar system will most likely be pushed into the new galaxy's outer
23.2 billion ABB (9,500,000,000 yfn): The Sun freezes into a crystalline structure of carbon and oxygen.
50 billion ABB (36,300,000,000 yfn: The Earth and the Moon become tidelocked, assuming they were not destroyed by the expansion of the Sun.
100 billion - 1 trillion ABB (86,300,000,000 - 986,300,000,000 yfn): The orbits of the Local Group decay sufficiently that it will merge into a single large galaxy.
2 trillion ABB (1,986,300,000,000 yfn): The galaxies outside the Local Supercluster will be redshifted to the point that even gamma rays will have a wavelenght longer than the size of the observable universe, rendering them undetectable.
100 trillion (1014) ABB (99,986,300,000,000 yfn): Star formation ends, marking the transition from the Stelliferous Era to the Degenerate Era. Construction of Utopia. The human race retreats to Utopia (it is claimed that the mythical "Doctor" is involved in this). With the assistance of the legendary being known as The Master, the human race converts itself into the cybernetic Toclafane to better survive the conditions of the Degenerate Era.
110 trillion ABB (109,986,300,000,000 yfn): The last star burns out.
1015 ABB: Objects in stellar orbits will either have their orbits decay (plunging them into their dead stars) or be ejected from their orbits.
1019 - 1020 ABB: Objects in galactic orbits will either fall into the central supermassive black holes of their galaxy or escape their galaxy.
1034 - 1040 ABB: Nucleons decay. The end of baryonic matter marks the end of the Degenerate Era and the beginning of the Black Hole Era.
[Alternatly, assuming protons do not decay, the Degenerate Era will overlap the First Black Hole Era. By 1065 ABB, rigid objects will be able to act like slow liquids due to quantum tunnelling. In this scenario, all ordinary matter will either fuze or decay into iron-56 by 101500 ABB. Quantum tunnelling should then cause the iron stellar-mass objects to collapse into black holes and/or neutron stars between 1010^26 and 1010^76, giving rise to the Second Black Hole Era.]
1040 - 10100 ABB: The Black Hole Era. The end of the era is marked by the evaporation (due to Hawking radiation) of the last supermassive black hole. Light temporarily returns as the black holes emit electrons, positrons, protons and antiprotons during the last stages of evaporation.
10100+: The Dark Era begins (unless you assume protons do not decay, at which point it begins around 1010^86). The universe is nearly empty, with all remaining matter consisting of photons, neutrinos, electons, and positrons. The rare positronium atom may form, but these unstable particles will eventually annihilate themselves. At this point, nobody knows what will happen. It is possible that the Weeping Angels come into existence during this Era of the universe and begin hunting backwards through time, but there is no proof of this.
All dates are drawn from Wikipedia, and everything dated after 13.7 billion ABB is scientific speculation about the future from that inestimable resource. "ABB" stands for "After the Big Bang", "bya" and "mya" stand for "billion years ago" and "million years ago", and "yfn" stands for "years from now".
The Tourist's Guide to Time.
The universe is about 13.7 billion years old.
0 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): A fuel core ejected from the time ship Terminus triggers the Big Bang.
0 to 10-43 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Planck epoch. Only a single fundamental force exists.
10-43 to 10-36 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Grand unification epoch. Gravitation seperates from from the fundamental force. Boson are the only particles that can exist.
10-36 to 10-32 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): The inflationary epoch begins with the breaking of the grand unification symmetry. Beginning of the matter/antimatter asymmetry. The first photons are emitted. The volume of the universe increase by a factor of at least 1078. This is most likely the epoch that saw the "birth" of the Black and White Guardians.
10-32 to 10-12 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Electroweak epoch. The strong nuclear force seperates from the grand unification force. Quarks, electrons, and neutrinos form. This epoch is most likely the one that sees the birth of the Chronovores and, possibly, the Weeping Angels.
10-12 to 10-6 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Quark epoch. The weak nuclear force seperates from the electroweak force. All fundamental particles acquire mass.
10-6 to 1 second ABB (13.7 bya): Hadron epoch. Hadrons and anti-hadrons form and begin annihilating each other. Neutrinos decouple and begin moving freely through space.
1 to 10 seconds ABB (13.7 bya): Lepton epoch. Leptons and anti-leptons dominate the mass of the universe.
10 seconds to 380,000 years ABB (13.7 - 13.69962 bya): Photon epoch. Atomic nuclei begin to form between 3 and 20 minutes ABB. Beginning around 70,000 years ABB, the densities of non-relativistic matter (atomic nuclei) and relativistic radiation (photons) are equal. From this time forward, larger structures are able to form. By 377,000 ABB, hydrogen and helium atoms begin to form.
1 million ABB (13.699 bya): The Stelliferous Era begins, as conditions develop that will allow the formation of stars. The first quasars, stars, and galaxies form 150 million to 1 billion ABB.
5.0 billion - 9.11 billion ABB (8.7 - 4.59 bya): Beginning of the Dark Times. Evolution of the Ancient Races, including the Racnoss, the Great Vampires, and the Carrionites. Rise of the Fledgling Empires.
9.1 billion ABB (4.6 bya): The Sol system begins to form. The outer planets from between 9.1001 billion and 9.11 billion ABB (between 4.5999 and 4.59 bya), while the inner planets form between 9.11 and 9.2 billion ABB (4.59 and 4.5 bya).
9.11 billion ABB (4.59 bya): End of the Dark Times, with the destruction of the Racnoss by the Fledgling Empires. The Earth begins to form, coalescing around the Webstar of the Racnoss Empress. (The planet will have finished forming by around 9.16 billion ABB/4.54 bya, the beginning of the Hadean eon.)
9.17 billion ABB (4.53 bya): The proto-Earth is impacted by the protoplanet Theia, ejecting mantle and crust into space and creating the Moon.
9.3 billion ABB (4.4 bya): The explosion of a Jagaroth spaceship on Earth helps to initiate the process of abiogenesis.
9.3 billion - 9.5 billion ABB (4.4 - 4.2 bya): The oceans begin forming.
9.7 billion ABB (4 bya): The first continental crusts appear on Earth. Jupiter and Saturn enter resonance, triggering the Late Heavy Bombardment (which will last until 9.9 billion ABB.)
9.9 billion ABB (3.8 bya): Beginning of the Archaean eon begins.
10.2 billion ABB (3.5 bya): The earliest fossil finds date to around this time.
10.7 billion ABB (3 bya): Oxygenic photosynthesis is most likely developed by now, leading to the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere
11.2 billion - 13.13 billion ABB (2.5 bya - 570 mya): The Proterozoic eon. This eon sees at least four glaciations, including at least one that may have entirely frozen the planet.
13.13 billion to (at least) 13.7 billion ABB (570 mya - present): The Phanerozoic Eon. It is currently broken into three eras - the Paleozoic (13.13 billion ABB to 13.449 billion ABB/570 - 251 mya), the Mesozoic (13.449 billion ABB to 13.635 billion ABB/251 - 65 mya), and the Cenozoic Era (13.635 billion ABB to the present/65 mya - present).
13.47 billion ABB (230 mya): The first dinosaurs evolve near the beginning of the Mesozoic.
13.5 billion ABB (200 mya): The first true mammals evolve.
13.635 billion ABB (65 mya): A time-displaced freighter impacts Earth in what will be the Yucatan peninsula, setting in motion the events that will lead to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
13.6977 billion ABB (2.3 mya): Genus Homo evolves.
13.6998 billion ABB (200,000 ya): Homo sapiens evolves in Africa.
13.69985 billion ABB (150,000 ya): Execution of the Kastrian criminal Eldrad, and extinction of the Kastrian species.
13.6999 billion ABB (100,000 ya): Homo sapiens masters the creation of fire. Legends indicate that the mythical "Doctor" is responsible.
13.69995 billion ABB (50,000 ya): Beginning of the war between the Sontaran Empire and the Rutan Host.
13.6999983 billion ABB (1700 ya): The first Daleks are engineered on Skaro. Thal legends claim that a being known as Ka Faraq Gatri attempted without success to prevent their creation
13.6999985 billion ABB (1500 ya): The Daleks have nearly exterminated the Thals. Thal legends claim that they were saved through the intervention of Ka Faraq Gatri.
13.7000001 billion ABB (100 yfn/22nd century AD): Some time travellers report that the Earth has been subjugated by the Daleks at this time. It is typically assumed that these travellers have entered a branching parallel timeline.
13.7000005 billion ABB (500 yfn/26th century AD): Homo sapiens has spread out into the Orion Arm of the Milky Way. This is possibly the time of the First Great and Bountiful Human Empire. At least one war is fought against the Cybermen of Mondas during this time. Dalek false flag attacks also nearly drive the Human and Draconian Empire into a second war.
13.7000009 billion ABB (900 yfn/30th century AD): Increasing solar flare activity forces the majority of the human race to abandon Earth. Resource and population pressures cause the Earth Empire to abandon marginal worlds in order to redirect efforts to the evacuation.
13.7000019 billion ABB (1900 yfn/40th century AD): The Dalek Empire assembles a coalition of allies to assist with the invastion of the Orion Arm and the subjugation or extermination of the Earth Empire. Legends hold that the mythical "Doctor" was instrumental in delaying production of a Dalek causality weapon.
13.700002 billion ABB (2000 yfn/41st century AD): War between the Movellans and the Daleks nearly wipes the Daleks from the universe.
13.7000026 billion ABB (2600 yfn/47th century AD): Approximate beginning of the Dalek Civil War as the Daleks split into "Imperial" and "Renegade" factions. Skaro is destroyed in a supernova around this time.
13.700003 billion ABB (3000 yfn/51st century AD): By this time, solar flare activity has died down and humanity has reclaimed it's homeworld. This is possibly the time of the Second Great and Bountiful Human Empire. The Human Empire develops vortex manipulation technology.
13.7000037 billion ABB (3700 yfn/58th century AD): The Imperial Dalek faction attempts to create Human-Dalek hybrids. The attempt fails (some reports claim the intervention of some mythical entity, such as The Doctor or Ka Faraq Gatri) and the Imperial faction splits, turning the Dalek Civil War into a three-way conflict.
13.70005 billion to 13.70013 billion ABB (50,000 - 130,000 yfn): The next major ice age occurs.
13.70008 billion ABB (80,000 yfn): Possible end date of the war between the Sontaran Empire and the Rutan Host.
13.7002 billion ABB (200,000 yfn): Depending on currents in the Time Vortex, this is either the time of the Fourth Great and Bountiful Human Empire or the time of the subjugation of Earth by the Mighty Jagrafess of the Holy Hadrojassic Maxarodenfoe, and the Holy Dalek Empire. It is claimed that the mythical Doctor is instrumental in the liberation of humanity.
13.71 billion ABB (10,000,000 yfn): A dramatic increase in stellar output forces humanity to permanently abandon Earth. A series of "space arks" depart the planet, carrying samples Earth's complete biosphere.
13.75 billion ABB (50,000,000 yfn): The Mediterranean sea vanishes as Eurpoe and Africa collide.
13.8 billion ABB (100,000,000 yfn): The continents have reached maximum dispersal.
13.95 billion ABB (250,000,000 yfn): The continents collide to form a new supercontinent (called Amasia or Pangea Ultima, depending on which theory you look at). The day will be a little over 1.5 hours longer and the moon will be about 1.5 Earth radii away.
14.7 billion ABB (1,000,000,000 yfn): 27% of Earth's oceans have been subducted.
15.1 billion ABB (1,400,000,000 yfn): Stellar output increases to the point that liquid water can no longer exist naturally on the surface of the Earth.
15.2 billion - 18.2 billion ABB (1,500,000,000 - 4,500,000,000 yfn): The axal tilt shifts to nearly 90 degrees from the plane of the orbit.
16.1 billion ABB (2,400,000,000 yfn): The Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy collide. There is a 12% chance that the Solar System will be pulled into the Milky Way's tidal tail and a 3% chance it will become part of Andromeda.
17.2 billion ABB (3,500,000,000 yfn): Surface conditions on Earth are similar to that of the present Venus.
18.5 billion ABB (4,800,000,000 yfn): Settlement of New Earth in Messier 87, about 55 million light years from the Milky Way.
18.7 billion ABB (5,000,000,000 yfn): The Sun expands to a radius of 1.2 AU, swallowing Venus and the Earth. The event is witnessed by a number of functionaries, and it is also claimed that the mythic figure known as The Doctor was present. (Actual projections seem to indicate that the Sun begins it's expansion int a red giant around 19.1 billion ABB, and swallows the Earth around 21.2 billion ABB. Obviously, in the Doctor's universe, 20th century scientists were wrong.)
20.7 billion ABB (7,000,000,000 yfn): The Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies merge into a single elliptical galaxy. Assuming that it was not ejected from the galaxy altogether, the Solar system will most likely be pushed into the new galaxy's outer
23.2 billion ABB (9,500,000,000 yfn): The Sun freezes into a crystalline structure of carbon and oxygen.
50 billion ABB (36,300,000,000 yfn: The Earth and the Moon become tidelocked, assuming they were not destroyed by the expansion of the Sun.
100 billion - 1 trillion ABB (86,300,000,000 - 986,300,000,000 yfn): The orbits of the Local Group decay sufficiently that it will merge into a single large galaxy.
2 trillion ABB (1,986,300,000,000 yfn): The galaxies outside the Local Supercluster will be redshifted to the point that even gamma rays will have a wavelenght longer than the size of the observable universe, rendering them undetectable.
100 trillion (1014) ABB (99,986,300,000,000 yfn): Star formation ends, marking the transition from the Stelliferous Era to the Degenerate Era. Construction of Utopia. The human race retreats to Utopia (it is claimed that the mythical "Doctor" is involved in this). With the assistance of the legendary being known as The Master, the human race converts itself into the cybernetic Toclafane to better survive the conditions of the Degenerate Era.
110 trillion ABB (109,986,300,000,000 yfn): The last star burns out.
1015 ABB: Objects in stellar orbits will either have their orbits decay (plunging them into their dead stars) or be ejected from their orbits.
1019 - 1020 ABB: Objects in galactic orbits will either fall into the central supermassive black holes of their galaxy or escape their galaxy.
1034 - 1040 ABB: Nucleons decay. The end of baryonic matter marks the end of the Degenerate Era and the beginning of the Black Hole Era.
[Alternatly, assuming protons do not decay, the Degenerate Era will overlap the First Black Hole Era. By 1065 ABB, rigid objects will be able to act like slow liquids due to quantum tunnelling. In this scenario, all ordinary matter will either fuze or decay into iron-56 by 101500 ABB. Quantum tunnelling should then cause the iron stellar-mass objects to collapse into black holes and/or neutron stars between 1010^26 and 1010^76, giving rise to the Second Black Hole Era.]
1040 - 10100 ABB: The Black Hole Era. The end of the era is marked by the evaporation (due to Hawking radiation) of the last supermassive black hole. Light temporarily returns as the black holes emit electrons, positrons, protons and antiprotons during the last stages of evaporation.
10100+: The Dark Era begins (unless you assume protons do not decay, at which point it begins around 1010^86). The universe is nearly empty, with all remaining matter consisting of photons, neutrinos, electons, and positrons. The rare positronium atom may form, but these unstable particles will eventually annihilate themselves. At this point, nobody knows what will happen. It is possible that the Weeping Angels come into existence during this Era of the universe and begin hunting backwards through time, but there is no proof of this.
